Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Trauma Practice Test

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In which of the following situations would external bleeding be the MOST difficult to control?

Carotid artery laceration, BP of 70/50 mm Hg
Femoral artery laceration, BP of 140/90 mm Hg
Jugular vein laceration, BP of 104/60 mm Hg
Scalp laceration, BP of 130/70 mm Hg

The correct answer is: Carotid artery laceration, BP of 70/50 mm Hg

In the given choices, the situation where external bleeding would be the most difficult to control is when there is a carotid artery laceration with a blood pressure of 70/50 mm Hg. The carotid artery is a major artery that supplies blood to the brain, and a laceration in this artery can lead to significant and rapid blood loss. The low blood pressure in this case indicates that there is already hemodynamic instability, making it harder to maintain adequate perfusion to vital organs in the presence of severe bleeding. In comparison, for the other options: - A femoral artery laceration with a blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg would still allow for effective perfusion even with significant bleeding. - A jugular vein laceration with a blood pressure of 104/60 mm Hg involves venous bleeding which is easier to control compared to arterial bleeding. - A scalp laceration with a blood pressure of 130/70 mm Hg is less likely to result in severe bleeding due to the nature of the injury and the blood pressure being relatively stable.